Extract and visualize the eigenvalues/variances of dimensions

Eigenvalues correspond to the amount of the variation explained by each principal component (PC).

  • get_eig(): Extract the eigenvalues/variances of the principal dimensions

  • fviz_eig(): Plot the eigenvalues/variances against the number of dimensions

  • get_eigenvalue(): an alias of get_eig()

  • fviz_screeplot(): an alias of fviz_eig()

These functions support the results of Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Correspondence Analysis (CA), Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA), Factor Analysis of Mixed Data (FAMD), Multiple Factor Analysis (MFA) and Hierarchical Multiple Factor Analysis (HMFA) functions.

get_eig(X)

get_eigenvalue(X)

fviz_eig(X, choice = c("variance", "eigenvalue"), geom = c("bar",
  "line"), barfill = "steelblue", barcolor = "steelblue",
  linecolor = "black", ncp = 10, addlabels = FALSE, hjust = 0,
  main = NULL, xlab = NULL, ylab = NULL, ggtheme = theme_minimal(),
  ...)

fviz_screeplot(...)

Arguments

X

an object of class PCA, CA, MCA, FAMD, MFA and HMFA [FactoMineR]; prcomp and princomp [stats]; dudi, pca, coa and acm [ade4]; ca and mjca [ca package].
choice

a text specifying the data to be plotted. Allowed values are "variance" or "eigenvalue".
geom

a text specifying the geometry to be used for the graph. Allowed values are "bar" for barplot, "line" for lineplot or c("bar", "line") to use both types.
barfill

fill color for bar plot.
barcolor

outline color for bar plot.
linecolor

color for line plot (when geom contains "line").
ncp

a numeric value specifying the number of dimensions to be shown.
addlabels

logical value. If TRUE, labels are added at the top of bars or points showing the information retained by each dimension.
hjust

horizontal adjustment of the labels.
main, xlab, ylab

plot main and axis titles.
ggtheme

function, ggplot2 theme name. Default value is theme_pubr(). Allowed values include ggplot2 official themes: theme_gray(), theme_bw(), theme_minimal(), theme_classic(), theme_void(), ....
...

optional arguments to be passed to the function ggpar.

Value

  • get_eig() (or get_eigenvalue()): returns a data.frame containing 3 columns: the eigenvalues, the percentage of variance and the cumulative percentage of variance retained by each dimension.

  • fviz_eig() (or fviz_screeplot()): returns a ggplot2

References

http://www.sthda.com/english/

See also

fviz_pca, fviz_ca, fviz_mca, fviz_mfa, fviz_hmfa

Examples

# Principal Component Analysis
# ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
data(iris)
res.pca <- prcomp(iris[, -5],  scale = TRUE)

# Extract eigenvalues/variances
get_eig(res.pca)
#>       eigenvalue variance.percent cumulative.variance.percent
#> Dim.1 2.91849782       72.9624454                    72.96245
#> Dim.2 0.91403047       22.8507618                    95.81321
#> Dim.3 0.14675688        3.6689219                    99.48213
#> Dim.4 0.02071484        0.5178709                   100.00000

# Default plot
fviz_eig(res.pca, addlabels = TRUE, ylim = c(0, 85))

# Scree plot - Eigenvalues
fviz_eig(res.pca, choice = "eigenvalue", addlabels=TRUE)

# Use only bar  or line plot: geom = "bar" or geom = "line"
fviz_eig(res.pca, geom="line")

if (FALSE) {
# Correspondence Analysis
# +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
library(FactoMineR)
data(housetasks)
res.ca <- CA(housetasks, graph = FALSE)
get_eig(res.ca)
fviz_eig(res.ca, linecolor = "#FC4E07",
   barcolor = "#00AFBB", barfill = "#00AFBB")

# Multiple Correspondence Analysis
# +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
library(FactoMineR)
data(poison)
res.mca <- MCA(poison, quanti.sup = 1:2,
              quali.sup = 3:4, graph=FALSE)
get_eig(res.mca)
fviz_eig(res.mca, linecolor = "#FC4E07",
   barcolor = "#2E9FDF", barfill = "#2E9FDF")
}